Пример из туториала по Direct3D

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Piroxyline © (2007-04-15 13:47) [0]

Читаю туториал по Direct3D от мелкомягкого. Чтобы не дай Бог чего-нибудь наперекосяк не пошло (с этим зверем никогда не работал), делаю все так, как там сказано. Ну, иногда переписываю часть кода из примеров, чтобы все работало, где-то экспериментирую, сравниваю с OpenGL, но это мелочи. Пользуюсь джедаевскими заголовками. В-общем, кто-нибудь может мне объяснить, почему эти прямоугольники не могут вращаться как им положено?

program Project1; uses Windows, Messages, Direct3D9, D3DX9; const D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX = D3DFVF_XYZ or D3DFVF_DIFFUSE; type HINST = Cardinal; Float = Single; CUSTOMVERTEX = record x, y, z: Float; color: DWord; end; var g_hInst: HINST = 0; g_hWnd: HWND = 0; g_pD3D: IDirect3D9; g_pd3dDevice: IDirect3DDevice9; g_pVB: IDirect3DVertexBuffer9; vertices: Array[0..11] of CUSTOMVERTEX = ((x: 0.0; y: 0.0; z: 0.0; color: $ffff0000), (x: 1.0; y: 0.0; z: 0.0; color: $ff0000ff), (x: 1.0; y: 1.0; z: 0.0; color: $ffffffff), (x: 1.0; y: 1.0; z: 0.0; color: $ffff0000), (x: 0.0; y: 1.0; z: 0.0; color: $ff0000ff), (x: 0.0; y: 0.0; z: 0.0; color: $ffffffff), (x: 0.0; y: 0.0; z: 1.0; color: $ffff0000), (x: 1.0; y: 0.0; z: 1.0; color: $ff0000ff), (x: 1.0; y: 1.0; z: 1.0; color: $ffffffff), (x: 1.0; y: 1.0; z: 1.0; color: $ffff0000), (x: 0.0; y: 1.0; z: 1.0; color: $ff0000ff), (x: 0.0; y: 0.0; z: 1.0; color: $ffffffff)); procedure Render; var matWorld: TD3DXMATRIXA16; matView: TD3DXMATRIXA16; matProj: TD3DXMATRIXA16; iTime: Integer; fAngle: Float; vEyePt, vLookatPt, vUpVec: TD3DXVECTOR3; begin g_pd3dDevice.Clear(0, 0, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 0), 1.0, 0); g_pd3dDevice.BeginScene; iTime := GetTickCount(); fAngle := iTime * (1.0 * D3DX_PI) / 1000.0; D3DXMatrixRotationY( matWorld, fAngle ); g_pd3dDevice.SetTransform( D3DTS_WORLD, matWorld ); vEyePt := D3DXVECTOR3( 0.0, 3.0,-5.0 ); vLookatPt := D3DXVECTOR3( 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ); vUpVec := D3DXVECTOR3( 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 ); D3DXMatrixLookAtLH( matView, vEyePt, vLookatPt, vUpVec ); g_pd3dDevice.SetTransform( D3DTS_VIEW, matView ); D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH( matProj, D3DX_PI/4, 1.0, 1.0, 100.0 ); g_pd3dDevice.SetTransform( D3DTS_PROJECTION, matProj ); g_pd3dDevice.SetStreamSource( 0, g_pVB, 0, sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX) ); g_pd3dDevice.SetFVF( D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX ); g_pd3dDevice.DrawPrimitive( D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, Length(vertices) div 3 ); g_pd3dDevice.EndScene; g_pd3dDevice.Present(nil, nil, 0, nil); end; procedure Cleanup; begin if g_pVB <> nil then begin g_pVB._Release; g_pVB := nil; end; if g_pd3dDevice <> nil then begin g_pd3dDevice._Release; g_pd3dDevice := nil; end; if g_pD3D <> nil then begin g_pD3D._Release; g_pD3D := nil; end; end; function WndProc(hWnd: HWND; Message: UINT; wParam: WPARAM; lParam: LPARAM): LRESULT; stdcall; begin case Message of WM_PAINT: begin Render; end; WM_DESTROY: begin PostQuitMessage(0); Cleanup; end; else begin Result := DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam); Exit; end; end; Result := 0; end; function InitWindow(hInstance: HINST; nCmdShow: Integer): HRESULT; var wcex: WNDCLASSEX; rc: TRect; begin Result := E_FAIL; wcex.cbSize := sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); wcex.style := CS_HREDRAW or CS_VREDRAW; wcex.lpfnWndProc := @WndProc; wcex.cbClsExtra := 0; wcex.cbWndExtra := 0; wcex.hInstance := hInstance; wcex.hIcon := LoadIcon(0, IDI_APPLICATION); wcex.hCursor := LoadCursor(0, IDC_ARROW); wcex.hbrBackground := COLOR_WINDOW+1; wcex.lpszMenuName := 0; wcex.lpszClassName := "TutorialWindowClass"; wcex.hIconSm := LoadIcon(0, IDI_APPLICATION); if RegisterClassEx(wcex) = 0 then Exit; g_hInst := hInstance; rc.Left := 0; rc.Top := 0; rc.Right := 640; rc.Bottom := 480; AdjustWindowRect( rc, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, FALSE ); g_hWnd := CreateWindow( "TutorialWindowClass", "Direct3D 10 Tutorial 0: Setting Up Window", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, rc.right - rc.left, rc.bottom - rc.top, 0, 0, hInstance, 0); if g_hWnd = 0 then Exit; ShowWindow( g_hWnd, nCmdShow ); Result := S_OK; end; function InitD3D: HRESULT; var d3dpp: D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS; pVertices: Pointer; begin Result := E_FAIL; g_pD3D := Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION); if g_pD3D = nil then Exit; ZeroMemory(@d3dpp, SizeOf(d3dpp)); d3dpp.Windowed := TRUE; d3dpp.SwapEffect := D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD; d3dpp.BackBufferFormat := D3DFMT_UNKNOWN; if( FAILED( g_pD3D.CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, g_hWnd, D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING, @d3dpp, g_pd3dDevice ) ) ) then Exit; g_pd3dDevice.SetRenderState( D3DRS_CULLMODE, D3DCULL_NONE ); g_pd3dDevice.SetRenderState( D3DRS_LIGHTING, iFalse ); if FAILED( g_pd3dDevice.CreateVertexBuffer( sizeof(vertices), 0, D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, g_pVB, 0 ) ) then Exit; if FAILED( g_pVB.Lock( 0, sizeof(vertices), pVertices, 0 ) ) then Exit; CopyMemory(pVertices, @vertices, sizeof(vertices)); g_pVB.Unlock; Result := S_OK; end; function wWinMain(hInstance, hPrevInstance: HINST; lpCmdLine: PChar; nCmdShow: Integer): Integer; stdcall; var msg: tagMSG; begin Result := 0; if FAILED( InitWindow( hInstance, nCmdShow ) ) then Exit; if FAILED( InitD3D ) then Exit; while( GetMessage( msg, 0, 0, 0 ) ) do begin TranslateMessage( msg ); DispatchMessage( msg ); end; Result := msg.wParam; end; begin wWinMain(hInstance, hPrevInst, CmdLine, CmdShow); end.

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Sapersky (2007-04-16 13:00) [1]

Если нужно, чтобы они вращались симметрично - вычесть 0.5 из всех координат, т.к. матрица трансформации поворачивает относительно центра (0,0,0). Можно включить перемещение в саму матрицу.

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Мистер Т (2007-04-19 07:56) [2]

Если Сишный код не проблема - много хороших туториалов тут:
http://www.codesampler.com/dx9src.htm

Но
> почему эти прямоугольники не могут вращаться как им положено?
А как положено ? =)
То есть - как они должны вращаться ?

З.Ы.
g_pd3dDevice._Release; и вообще _Release вызывать не надо.

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Мистер Т (2007-04-19 07:59) [3]

Пара примеров:
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Name: dx9_vertex_data.dpr // Author: Kevin Harris (kevin@codesampler.com) // Translator: Egor Konovalov // Last Modified: 28.08.2005 // Description: This sample demonstrates how to create 3D geometry with // Direct3D by loading vertex data into a Vertex Buffer. //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- program dx9_vertex_data; {$R *.res} {$IFDEF FPC} {$MODE DELPHI} {$APPTYPE GUI} {$ENDIF} // {$DEFINE RELEASED} uses Windows, Messages, MMSystem, Direct3D9, D3DX9; //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // GLOBALS //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- type TVertex = record x, y, z : Single; tu, tv : Single end; const FVF_Flags = D3DFVF_XYZ or D3DFVF_TEX1; var g_hWnd : THandle = 0; g_pD3D : IDirect3D9 = nil; g_pd3dDevice : IDirect3DDevice9 = nil; g_pVertexBuffer : IDirect3DVertexBuffer9 = nil; g_pTexture : IDirect3DTexture9 = nil; g_fElapsedTime : Single = 0; g_dCurrentTime : Double = 0; g_dLastTime : Double = 0; g_fXrot : Single = 0.0; g_fYrot : Single = 0.0; g_fZrot : Single = 0.0; winClass : WNDCLASSEX; uMsg : MSG; g_cubeVertices : array[0..23] of TVertex = ((x:-1.0; y: 1.0; z:-1.0; tu: 0.0; tv: 0.0), (x: 1.0; y: 1.0; z:-1.0; tu: 1.0; tv: 0.0), (x:-1.0; y:-1.0; z:-1.0; tu: 0.0; tv: 1.0), (x: 1.0; y:-1.0; z:-1.0; tu: 1.0; tv: 1.0), (x:-1.0; y: 1.0; z: 1.0; tu: 1.0; tv: 0.0), (x:-1.0; y:-1.0; z: 1.0; tu: 1.0; tv: 1.0), (x: 1.0; y: 1.0; z: 1.0; tu: 0.0; tv: 0.0), (x: 1.0; y:-1.0; z: 1.0; tu: 0.0; tv: 1.0), (x:-1.0; y: 1.0; z: 1.0; tu: 0.0; tv: 0.0), (x: 1.0; y: 1.0; z: 1.0; tu: 1.0; tv: 0.0), (x:-1.0; y: 1.0; z:-1.0; tu: 0.0; tv: 1.0), (x: 1.0; y: 1.0; z:-1.0; tu: 1.0; tv: 1.0), (x:-1.0; y:-1.0; z: 1.0; tu: 0.0; tv: 0.0), (x:-1.0; y:-1.0; z:-1.0; tu: 1.0; tv: 0.0), (x: 1.0; y:-1.0; z: 1.0; tu: 0.0; tv: 1.0), (x: 1.0; y:-1.0; z:-1.0; tu: 1.0; tv: 1.0), (x: 1.0; y: 1.0; z:-1.0; tu: 0.0; tv: 0.0), (x: 1.0; y: 1.0; z: 1.0; tu: 1.0; tv: 0.0), (x: 1.0; y:-1.0; z:-1.0; tu: 0.0; tv: 1.0), (x: 1.0; y:-1.0; z: 1.0; tu: 1.0; tv: 1.0), (x:-1.0; y: 1.0; z:-1.0; tu: 1.0; tv: 0.0), (x:-1.0; y:-1.0; z:-1.0; tu: 1.0; tv: 1.0), (x:-1.0; y: 1.0; z: 1.0; tu: 0.0; tv: 0.0), (x:-1.0; y:-1.0; z: 1.0; tu: 0.0; tv: 1.0)); //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Name: WindowProc() // Desc: The window"s message handler //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- function WindowProc(ihwnd: THandle; uMsg: Longword; wParam: Longint; lParam: Longint): Longint; stdcall; begin WindowProc := 0; case uMsg of WM_KEYDOWN: begin if wParam = VK_ESCAPE then PostQuitMessage(0); end; WM_CLOSE: PostQuitMessage(0); WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); else WindowProc := DefWindowProc(ihwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam); end; end; //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Name: LoadTexture() // Desc: //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- procedure LoadTexture; begin g_pTexture := nil; D3DXCreateTextureFromFile(g_pd3dDevice, "test.bmp", g_pTexture); g_pd3dDevice.SetSamplerState(0, D3DSAMP_MINFILTER, D3DTEXF_LINEAR); g_pd3dDevice.SetSamplerState(0, D3DSAMP_MAGFILTER, D3DTEXF_LINEAR); end; //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Name: Init() // Desc: //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- procedure Init; var d3ddm : TD3DDisplayMode; d3dpp : TD3DPresentParameters; matProj : TD3DMatrix; pVertices : Pointer; begin g_pD3D := Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION); g_pD3D.GetAdapterDisplayMode(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, d3ddm); ZeroMemory(@d3dpp, SizeOf(TD3DPresentParameters)); with d3dpp do begin Windowed := True; SwapEffect := D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD; BackBufferFormat := d3ddm.Format; EnableAutoDepthStencil := True; AutoDepthStencilFormat := D3DFMT_D16; PresentationInterval := D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_IMMEDIATE; end; g_pD3D.CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, g_hWnd, D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING, @d3dpp, g_pd3dDevice); LoadTexture; g_pd3dDevice.CreateVertexBuffer(24 * SizeOf(TVertex), 0, FVF_Flags, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, g_pVertexBuffer, nil); pVertices := nil; g_pVertexBuffer.Lock(0, SizeOf(g_cubeVertices), pVertices, 0); Move(g_cubeVertices, pVertices^, SizeOf(g_cubeVertices)); g_pVertexBuffer.Unlock; g_pd3dDevice.SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING, iFalse); g_pd3dDevice.SetRenderState(D3DRS_ZENABLE, iTrue); D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH(matProj, D3DXToRadian(45.0), (640 / 480), 0.1, 100.0); g_pd3dDevice.SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION, matProj); end; //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Name: ShutDown() // Desc: //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- procedure ShutDown; begin if Assigned(g_pTexture) then begin {$IFDEF RELEASED} g_pTexture._Release; {$ENDIF} g_pTexture := nil; end; if Assigned(g_pVertexBuffer) then begin {$IFDEF RELEASED} g_pVertexBuffer._Release; {$ENDIF} g_pVertexBuffer := nil; end; if Assigned(g_pd3dDevice) then begin {$IFDEF RELEASED} g_pd3dDevice._Release; {$ENDIF} g_pd3dDevice := nil; end; if Assigned(g_pD3D) then begin {$IFDEF RELEASED} g_pD3D._Release; {$ENDIF} g_pD3D := nil; end; end;

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Мистер Т (2007-04-19 08:00) [4]

продолжение кода...
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Name: Render() // Desc: //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- procedure Render; var matWorld : TD3DMatrix; matTrans : TD3DMatrix; matRot : TD3DMatrix; begin if g_pd3dDevice = nil then Exit; g_pd3dDevice.Clear(0, nil, D3DCLEAR_TARGET or D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_COLORVALUE(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0), 1.0, 0); g_fXrot := g_fXrot + (10.1 * g_fElapsedTime); g_fYrot := g_fYrot + (10.2 * g_fElapsedTime); g_fZrot := g_fZrot + (10.3 * g_fElapsedTime); D3DXMatrixTranslation(matTrans, 0.0, 0.0, 5.0); D3DXMatrixRotationYawPitchRoll(matRot, D3DXToRadian(g_fXrot), D3DXToRadian(g_fYrot), D3DXToRadian(g_fZrot)); D3DXMatrixMultiply(matWorld, matRot, matTrans); g_pd3dDevice.SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, matWorld); g_pd3dDevice.BeginScene; g_pd3dDevice.SetTexture(0, g_pTexture); g_pd3dDevice.SetStreamSource(0, g_pVertexBuffer, 0, SizeOf(TVertex)); g_pd3dDevice.SetFVF(FVF_Flags); g_pd3dDevice.DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLESTRIP, 0, 2 ); g_pd3dDevice.DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLESTRIP, 4, 2 ); g_pd3dDevice.DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLESTRIP, 8, 2 ); g_pd3dDevice.DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLESTRIP, 12, 2 ); g_pd3dDevice.DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLESTRIP, 16, 2 ); g_pd3dDevice.DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLESTRIP, 20, 2 ); g_pd3dDevice.EndScene; g_pd3dDevice.Present(nil, nil, 0, nil); end; //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Name: // Desc: The application"s entry point //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- begin ZeroMemory(@uMsg, SizeOf(MSG)); ZeroMemory(@winClass, SizeOf(WNDCLASSEX)); with winClass do begin lpszClassName := "MY_WINDOWS_CLASS"; cbSize := SizeOf(WNDCLASSEX); style := CS_HREDRAW or CS_VREDRAW; lpfnWndProc := @WindowProc; hInstance := hInstance; hIcon := LoadIcon(hInstance, IDI_APPLICATION); hIconSm := LoadIcon(hInstance, IDI_APPLICATION); hCursor := LoadCursor(0, IDC_ARROW); hbrBackground := $000000; lpszMenuName := nil; cbClsExtra := 0; cbWndExtra := 0; end; if (RegisterClassEx(winClass) = 0) then Halt(0); g_hWnd := CreateWindowEx(0, winClass.lpszClassName, "Direct3D (DX9) - Vertex Data", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW or WS_VISIBLE, 0, 0, 640, 480, 0, 0, winClass.hInstance, nil); if g_hWnd = 0 then Halt(0); ShowWindow(g_hWnd, SW_SHOW); UpdateWindow(g_hWnd); Init; while (uMsg.message <> WM_QUIT) do begin if PeekMessage(uMsg, 0, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE) then begin TranslateMessage(uMsg); DispatchMessage(uMsg); end else begin g_dCurrentTime := timeGetTime; g_fElapsedTime := ((g_dCurrentTime - g_dLastTime) * 0.001); g_dLastTime := g_dCurrentTime; Render; end; end; ShutDown; UnregisterClass(winClass.lpszClassName, winClass.hInstance); end.

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Мистер Т (2007-04-19 08:04) [5]

Второй пример:
//--- // Name: dx9_transforms.dpr // Author: Kevin Harris (kevin@codesampler.com) // Translator: Egor Konovalov (tujh@ru66.ru) // Last Modified: 30.08.2005 // Description: Demonstrates how to use translation, rotation, and scaling // matrices to create a simulated solar system. // // Control Keys: F1 - Speed up rotations // F2 - Slow down rotations // Space - Toggle orbiting on/off //--- program dx9_transforms; {$R *.res} {$IFDEF FPC} {$MODE DELPHI} {$APPTYPE GUI} {$ENDIF} // {$DEFINE RELEASED} uses Windows, Messages, MMSystem, Direct3D9, D3DX9; //--- // GLOBALS //--- type TVertex = record x, y, z : Single; diffuse : Longword; end; const D3DFVF_MY_VERTEX = D3DFVF_XYZ or D3DFVF_DIFFUSE; var g_hWnd : THandle = 0; g_pD3D : IDirect3D9 = nil; g_pd3dDevice : IDirect3DDevice9 = nil; g_pSunMesh : ID3DXMesh = nil; g_pEarthMesh : ID3DXMesh = nil; g_pMoonMesh : ID3DXMesh = nil; g_matrixStack : ID3DXMatrixStack = nil; g_fElpasedTime : Single; g_dCurrentTime : Longword; g_dLastTime : Longword; g_fSpeedmodifier : Single = 1.0; g_bOrbitOn : Boolean = True; g_fSunSpin : Single = 0.0; g_fEarthSpin : Single = 0.0; g_fEarthOrbit : Single = 0.0; g_fMoonSpin : Single = 0.0; g_fMoonOrbit : Single = 0.0; winClass : WNDCLASSEX; uMsg : MSG; //--- // Name: WindowProc() // Desc: The window"s message handler //--- function WindowProc(ihwnd: THandle; uMsg: Longword; wParam: Longint; lParam: Longint): Longint; stdcall; begin WindowProc := 0; case uMsg of WM_KEYDOWN: begin case wParam of VK_ESCAPE : PostQuitMessage(0); VK_F1 : g_fSpeedmodifier := g_fSpeedmodifier + 1.0; VK_F2 : g_fSpeedmodifier := g_fSpeedmodifier - 1.0; VK_SPACE : g_bOrbitOn := not(g_bOrbitOn); end; end; WM_CLOSE: PostQuitMessage(0); WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); else WindowProc := DefWindowProc(ihwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam); end; end; //--- // Name: Init() // Desc: //--- procedure Init; var d3ddm : TD3DDisplayMode; d3dpp : TD3DPresentParameters; matProj : TD3DMatrix; pTempEarthMesh : ID3DXMesh; pTempSunMesh : ID3DXMesh; pTempVertexBuffer : IDirect3DVertexBuffer9; nNumVerts : Longword; i : Longword; pVertex : Pointer; Vertex : array of TVertex; begin g_pD3D := Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION); g_pD3D.GetAdapterDisplayMode(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, d3ddm); ZeroMemory(@d3dpp, SizeOf(TD3DPresentParameters)); with d3dpp do begin Windowed := True; SwapEffect := D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD; BackBufferFormat := d3ddm.Format; EnableAutoDepthStencil := True; AutoDepthStencilFormat := D3DFMT_D16; PresentationInterval := D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_IMMEDIATE; end; g_pD3D.CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, g_hWnd, D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING, @d3dpp, g_pd3dDevice); g_pd3dDevice.SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING, iFalse); g_pd3dDevice.SetRenderState(D3DRS_CULLMODE, D3DCULL_NONE); g_pd3dDevice.SetRenderState(D3DRS_FILLMODE, D3DFILL_WIREFRAME); D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH(matProj, D3DXToRadian(45.0), (640 / 480), 0.1, 100.0); g_pd3dDevice.SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION, matProj); // We"ll use the D3DXCreateSphere utility function to create three simple // sphere meshes to experiment with. D3DXCreateSphere(g_pd3dDevice, 1.0, 20, 20, pTempSunMesh, nil); D3DXCreateSphere(g_pd3dDevice, 1.0, 10, 10, pTempEarthMesh, nil); D3DXCreateSphere(g_pd3dDevice, 0.5, 8, 8, g_pMoonMesh, nil); // Unfortunately, the D3DXCreateSphere utility function creates a mesh // with no color, so we"ll need to make a clone of the original meshes // using a FVF code that does include color so we can set up the Earth // and Sun with color. // // Once that"s been done, we"ll need to set the color values to something // appropriate for our solar system model. // Clone the original Earth mesh and make it blue... pTempVertexBuffer := nil; pTempEarthMesh.CloneMeshFVF(0, D3DFVF_MY_VERTEX, g_pd3dDevice, g_pEarthMesh); if Succeeded(g_pEarthMesh.GetVertexBuffer(pTempVertexBuffer)) then begin nNumVerts := g_pEarthMesh.GetNumVertices; pVertex := nil; SetLength(Vertex, nNumVerts); pTempVertexBuffer.Lock(0, 0, pVertex, 0); Move(pVertex^, Vertex[0], nNumVerts * SizeOf(TVertex)); for i := 0 to (nNumVerts - 1) do Vertex[i].diffuse := D3DCOLOR_COLORVALUE(0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0); Move(Vertex[0], pVertex^, nNumVerts * SizeOf(TVertex)); pTempVertexBuffer.Unlock; {$IFDEF RELEASED} pTempVertexBuffer._Release {$ENDIF} pTempVertexBuffer := nil; SetLength(Vertex, 0); end; // Clone the original Sun mesh and make it yellow... pTempSunMesh.CloneMeshFVF(0, D3DFVF_MY_VERTEX, g_pd3dDevice, g_pSunMesh); if Succeeded(g_pSunMesh.GetVertexBuffer(pTempVertexBuffer)) then begin nNumVerts := g_pSunMesh.GetNumVertices; pVertex := nil; SetLength(Vertex, nNumVerts); pTempVertexBuffer.Lock(0, 0, pVertex, 0); Move(pVertex^, Vertex[0], nNumVerts * SizeOf(TVertex)); for i := 0 to (nNumVerts - 1) do Vertex[i].diffuse := D3DCOLOR_COLORVALUE(1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0); Move(Vertex[0], pVertex^, nNumVerts * SizeOf(TVertex)); pTempVertexBuffer.Unlock; {$IFDEF RELEASED} pTempVertexBuffer._Release {$ENDIF} pTempVertexBuffer := nil; end; {$IFDEF RELEASED} pTempEarthMesh._Release; {$ENDIF} pTempEarthMesh := nil; {$IFDEF RELEASED} pTempSunMesh._Release; {$ENDIF} pTempSunMesh := nil; D3DXCreateMatrixStack(0, g_matrixStack); end;

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Мистер Т (2007-04-19 08:05) [6]

Продолжение кода:
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Name: ShutDown() // Desc: //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- procedure ShutDown; begin if Assigned(g_matrixStack) then begin {$IFDEF RELEASED} g_matrixStack._Release; {$ENDIF} g_matrixStack := nil; end; if Assigned(g_pSunMesh) then begin {$IFDEF RELEASED} g_pSunMesh._Release; {$ENDIF} g_pSunMesh := nil; end; if Assigned(g_pEarthMesh) then begin {$IFDEF RELEASED} g_pEarthMesh._Release; {$ENDIF} g_pEarthMesh := nil; end; if Assigned(g_pMoonMesh) then begin {$IFDEF RELEASED} g_pMoonMesh._Release; {$ENDIF} g_pMoonMesh := nil; end; if Assigned(g_pd3dDevice) then begin {$IFDEF RELEASED} g_pd3dDevice._Release; {$ENDIF} g_pd3dDevice := nil; end; if Assigned(g_pD3D) then begin {$IFDEF RELEASED} g_pD3D._Release; {$ENDIF} g_pD3D := nil; end; end; //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Name: Render() // Desc: //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- procedure Render; var matView : TD3DMatrix; mSunScale : TD3DMatrix; mSunSpinRotation : TD3DMatrix; mSunMatrix : TD3DMatrix; mEarthTranslationToOrbit : TD3DMatrix; mEarthSpinRotation : TD3DMatrix; mEarthOrbitRotation : TD3DMatrix; mEarthMatrix : TD3DMatrix; mMoonTranslationToOrbit : TD3DMatrix; mMoonSpinRotation : TD3DMatrix; mMoonOrbitRotation : TD3DMatrix; mMoonMatrix : TD3DMatrix; begin if g_pd3dDevice = nil then Exit; g_pd3dDevice.Clear(0, nil, D3DCLEAR_TARGET or D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_COLORVALUE(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0), 1.0, 0); g_pd3dDevice.BeginScene; // // Have the view matrix move the view move us to a good vantage point so // we can see the Sun sitting at the origin while the Earth orbits it. // D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(matView, D3DXVector3(0.0, 2.0, -25.0), // Camera position D3DXVector3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), // Look-at point D3DXVector3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0)); // Up vector g_pd3dDevice.SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, matView); // // Cache rotational positions between frames... // if g_bOrbitOn then begin g_fSunSpin := g_fSunSpin + (g_fSpeedmodifier * (g_fElpasedTime * 10.0)); g_fEarthSpin := g_fEarthSpin + (g_fSpeedmodifier * (g_fElpasedTime * 100.0)); g_fEarthOrbit := g_fEarthOrbit + (g_fSpeedmodifier * (g_fElpasedTime * 20.0)); g_fMoonSpin := g_fMoonSpin + (g_fSpeedmodifier * (g_fElpasedTime * 50.0)); g_fMoonOrbit := g_fMoonOrbit + (g_fSpeedmodifier * (g_fElpasedTime * 200.0)); end; // // The Sun is easy because the mesh for it is initially created centered // at origin. All we have to do is spin it by rotating it about the Y axis // and scale it by 5.0f. // D3DXMatrixRotationY(mSunSpinRotation, D3DXToRadian(g_fSunSpin)); D3DXMatrixScaling(mSunScale, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0); // // Now, concatenate them together... // 1. Uniformly scale the Sun up in size // 2. and then spin it on its axis. // D3DXMatrixMultiply(mSunMatrix, mSunScale, mSunSpinRotation); g_pd3dDevice.SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, mSunMatrix); g_pSunMesh.DrawSubset(0); // // The Earth is a little more complicated since it needs to spin as well // as orbit the Sun. This can be done by combining three transformations // together. // D3DXMatrixRotationY(mEarthSpinRotation, D3DXToRadian(g_fEarthSpin)); D3DXMatrixTranslation(mEarthTranslationToOrbit, 0.0, 0.0, 12.0); D3DXMatrixRotationY(mEarthOrbitRotation, D3DXToRadian(g_fEarthOrbit)); // // Now, concatenate them together... // 1. Spin the Earth on its own axis. // 2. Then translate it away from the origin (where the Sun"s at) // 3. and rotate it again to make it orbit the origin (or the Sun). // D3DXMatrixMultiply(mEarthMatrix, mEarthSpinRotation, mEarthTranslationToOrbit); D3DXMatrixMultiply(mEarthMatrix, mEarthMatrix, mEarthOrbitRotation); g_pd3dDevice.SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, mEarthMatrix); g_pEarthMesh.DrawSubset(0); // // The Moon is the hardest to understand since it needs to not only spin on // its own axis and orbit the Earth, but needs to follow the Earth, // which is orbiting the Sun. // // This can be done by combining five transformations together with the last // two being borrowed from the Earth"s transformation. // D3DXMatrixRotationY(mMoonSpinRotation, D3DXToRadian(g_fMoonSpin)); D3DXMatrixRotationY(mMoonOrbitRotation, D3DXToRadian(g_fMoonOrbit)); D3DXMatrixTranslation(mMoonTranslationToOrbit, 0.0, 0.0, 2.0); // // The key to understanding the first three transforms is to pretend that // the Earth is located at the origin. We know it"s not, but if we pretend // that it is, we can set up the Moon just like the we did the Earth since // the Moon orbits the Earth just like the Earth orbits the Sun. // // Once the Moon"s transforms are set up we simply reuse the Earth"s // translation and rotation matrix, which placed it in orbit, to offset // the Moon out to where it should be... following the Earth. // // // Now, concatenate them together... // 1. Spin the Moon on its own axis. // 2. Then translate it away from the origin (pretending that the Earth is there) // 3. and rotate it again to make it orbit the origin (or the pretend Earth). // 4. Now, translate out to where the Earth is really at // 5. and move with it by matching its orbit of the Earth. // D3DXMatrixMultiply(mMoonMatrix, mMoonSpinRotation, mMoonTranslationToOrbit); D3DXMatrixMultiply(mMoonMatrix, mMoonMatrix, mMoonOrbitRotation); D3DXMatrixMultiply(mMoonMatrix, mMoonMatrix, mEarthTranslationToOrbit); D3DXMatrixMultiply(mMoonMatrix, mMoonMatrix, mEarthOrbitRotation); g_pd3dDevice.SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, mMoonMatrix); g_pMoonMesh.DrawSubset(0); g_pd3dDevice.EndScene; g_pd3dDevice.Present(nil, nil, 0, nil); end;

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Мистер Т (2007-04-19 08:06) [7]

Продолжение, второй вариант процедуры рендера:
(* //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Name: Render() // Desc: Render a solar system using the D3DXMATRIX utility class and a matrix // stack similar to OpenGL"s. See the note below for details. // // Note: // // Direct3D uses the world and view matrices that we set to configure several // internal data structures. Each time we set a new world or view matrix, the // system is forced to recalculate these internal structures. Therefore, // setting these matrices frequently, which is the case for applications that // require a high frame-rate, is computationally expensive. We can minimize // the number of required calculations by concatenating our world and view // matrices into a combined world-view matrix that we set as the world matrix. // // With the view matrix combined in with each world matrix that we set, we no // longer have to set the view matrix separately and incur its overhead. // Instead, we simply set the view matrix to the identity once and leave it // untouched during all calculations. // // For clarity, Direct3D samples rarely employ this optimization since it // confuses beginners. // //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- procedure Render; var matView : TD3DMatrix; mSunScale : TD3DMatrix; mSunSpinRotation : TD3DMatrix; mSunMatrix : TD3DMatrix; mEarthTranslationToOrbit : TD3DMatrix; mEarthSpinRotation : TD3DMatrix; mEarthOrbitRotation : TD3DMatrix; mEarthMatrix : TD3DMatrix; mMoonTranslationToOrbit : TD3DMatrix; mMoonSpinRotation : TD3DMatrix; mMoonOrbitRotation : TD3DMatrix; mMoonMatrix : TD3DMatrix; begin if g_pd3dDevice = nil then Exit; g_pd3dDevice.Clear(0, nil, D3DCLEAR_TARGET or D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_COLORVALUE(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0), 1.0, 0); g_pd3dDevice.BeginScene; // // Have the view matrix move the view move us to a good vantage point so // we can see the Sun sitting at the origin while the Earth orbits it. // D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(matView, D3DXVector3(0.0, 2.0, -25.0), // Camera position D3DXVector3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), // Look-at point D3DXVector3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0)); // Up vector g_matrixStack.LoadIdentity; g_matrixStack.LoadMatrix(matView); // // Cache rotational positions between frames... // if g_bOrbitOn then begin g_fSunSpin := g_fSunSpin + (g_fSpeedmodifier * (g_fElpasedTime * 10.0)); g_fEarthSpin := g_fEarthSpin + (g_fSpeedmodifier * (g_fElpasedTime * 100.0)); g_fEarthOrbit := g_fEarthOrbit + (g_fSpeedmodifier * (g_fElpasedTime * 20.0)); g_fMoonSpin := g_fMoonSpin + (g_fSpeedmodifier * (g_fElpasedTime * 50.0)); g_fMoonOrbit := g_fMoonOrbit + (g_fSpeedmodifier * (g_fElpasedTime * 200.0)); end; // // The Sun is easy because the mesh for it is initially created centered // at origin. All we have to do is spin it by rotating it about the Y axis // and scale it by 5.0f. // D3DXMatrixRotationY(mSunSpinRotation, D3DXToRadian(g_fSunSpin)); D3DXMatrixScaling(mSunScale, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0); // // Now, concatenate them together... // 1. Uniformly scale the Sun up in size // 2. and then spin it on its axis. // D3DXMatrixMultiply(mSunMatrix, mSunScale, mSunSpinRotation); g_matrixStack.Push; g_matrixStack.MultMatrixLocal(mSunMatrix); g_pd3dDevice.SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, g_matrixStack.GetTop^); g_pSunMesh.DrawSubset(0); g_matrixStack.Pop; // // The Earth is a little more complicated since it needs to spin as well // as orbit the Sun. This can be done by combining three transformations // together. // D3DXMatrixRotationY(mEarthSpinRotation, D3DXToRadian(g_fEarthSpin)); D3DXMatrixTranslation(mEarthTranslationToOrbit, 0.0, 0.0, 12.0); D3DXMatrixRotationY(mEarthOrbitRotation, D3DXToRadian(g_fEarthOrbit)); // // Now, concatenate them together... // 1. Spin the Earth on its own axis. // 2. Then translate it away from the origin (where the Sun"s at) // 3. and rotate it again to make it orbit the origin (or the Sun). // D3DXMatrixMultiply(mEarthMatrix, mEarthSpinRotation, mEarthTranslationToOrbit); D3DXMatrixMultiply(mEarthMatrix, mEarthMatrix, mEarthOrbitRotation); g_matrixStack.Push; g_matrixStack.MultMatrixLocal(mEarthMatrix); g_pd3dDevice.SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, g_matrixStack.GetTop^); g_pEarthMesh.DrawSubset(0); g_matrixStack.Pop; // // The Moon is the hardest to understand since it needs to not only spin on // its own axis and orbit the Earth, but needs to follow the Earth, // which is orbiting the Sun. // // This can be done by combining five transformations together with the last // two being borrowed from the Earth"s transformation. // D3DXMatrixRotationY(mMoonSpinRotation, D3DXToRadian(g_fMoonSpin)); D3DXMatrixRotationY(mMoonOrbitRotation, D3DXToRadian(g_fMoonOrbit)); D3DXMatrixTranslation(mMoonTranslationToOrbit, 0.0, 0.0, 2.0); // // The key to understanding the first three transforms is to pretend that // the Earth is located at the origin. We know it"s not, but if we pretend // that it is, we can set up the Moon just like the we did the Earth since // the Moon orbits the Earth just like the Earth orbits the Sun. // // Once the Moon"s transforms are set up we simply reuse the Earth"s // translation and rotation matrix, which placed it in orbit, to offset // the Moon out to where it should be... following the Earth. // // // Now, concatenate them together... // 1. Spin the Moon on its own axis. // 2. Then translate it away from the origin (pretending that the Earth is there) // 3. and rotate it again to make it orbit the origin (or the pretend Earth). // 4. Now, translate out to where the Earth is really at // 5. and move with it by matching its orbit of the Earth. // D3DXMatrixMultiply(mMoonMatrix, mMoonSpinRotation, mMoonTranslationToOrbit); D3DXMatrixMultiply(mMoonMatrix, mMoonMatrix, mMoonOrbitRotation); D3DXMatrixMultiply(mMoonMatrix, mMoonMatrix, mEarthTranslationToOrbit); D3DXMatrixMultiply(mMoonMatrix, mMoonMatrix, mEarthOrbitRotation); g_matrixStack.Push; g_matrixStack.MultMatrixLocal(mMoonMatrix); g_pd3dDevice.SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, g_matrixStack.GetTop^); g_pMoonMesh.DrawSubset(0); g_matrixStack.Pop; g_pd3dDevice.EndScene; g_pd3dDevice.Present(nil, nil, 0, nil); end; *)

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Мистер Т (2007-04-19 08:07) [8]

Завершение второго примера:
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Name: // Desc: The application"s entry point //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- begin ZeroMemory(@uMsg, SizeOf(MSG)); ZeroMemory(@winClass, SizeOf(WNDCLASSEX)); with winClass do begin lpszClassName := "MY_WINDOWS_CLASS"; cbSize := SizeOf(WNDCLASSEX); style := CS_HREDRAW or CS_VREDRAW; lpfnWndProc := @WindowProc; hInstance := hInstance; hIcon := LoadIcon(hInstance, IDI_APPLICATION); hIconSm := LoadIcon(hInstance, IDI_APPLICATION); hCursor := LoadCursor(0, IDC_ARROW); hbrBackground := $000000; lpszMenuName := nil; cbClsExtra := 0; cbWndExtra := 0; end; if (RegisterClassEx(winClass) = 0) then Halt(0); g_hWnd := CreateWindowEx(0, winClass.lpszClassName, "Direct3D (DX9) - Transforms", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW or WS_VISIBLE, 0, 0, 640, 480, 0, 0, winClass.hInstance, nil); if g_hWnd = 0 then Halt(0); ShowWindow(g_hWnd, SW_SHOW); UpdateWindow(g_hWnd); Init; g_dLastTime := timeGetTime; while (uMsg.message <> WM_QUIT) do begin if PeekMessage(uMsg, 0, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE) then begin TranslateMessage(uMsg); DispatchMessage(uMsg); end else begin g_dCurrentTime := timeGetTime; g_fElpasedTime := ((g_dCurrentTime - g_dLastTime) * 0.001); g_dLastTime := g_dCurrentTime; Render; end; end; ShutDown; UnregisterClass(winClass.lpszClassName, winClass.hInstance); end.

Должны были вращаться так, чтобы первый (который вначале ближе к нам) перекрывался потом вторым. Решение оказалось простым, когда я посмотрел другие примеры и сравнил с этим кодом: надо было Z-буффер поставить :) Так привый к OpenGL"ю, в котором это делается не задумываясь, что забыл совсем

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